Regional water quality management for the Karun–Dez River basin, Iran

To achieve water quality goals in a river basin, a water quality management model (WQMM) has been developed through the geographic information system (GIS) approach and a mathematical water quality model. The developed model has been applied to the Karun and Dez Rivers, where water quality has decreased due to heavy pollutant loads from Khuzestan province cities and surrounding areas. Pollution sources, land use, geographic features and measured water quality data of the river basin were incorporated into the Arc‐View GIS database. With the database, the management model calculated management type and management cost for each management project in the river basin. Until now, river management policy for polluted rivers in Iran first penalizes pollution sources and then constructs treatment plants for the pollution sources whose wastewater is released untreated and for which the wastewater quality goal of the Iranian Department of Environment is not met. Different management projects with a time programme were proposed and they were compared with the results of the river quality without any management approach. It became clear that the results based on the management approach were much better than those for the unmanaged condition from the viewpoint of the achievement of water quality goals and cost optimization.     

老挝塞公省达克金矿区水系沉积物地球化学特征及找矿预测

达克金矿区位于老挝长山—岘港成矿带南缘,区域地质工作程度较低,为明确研究区找矿方向,首次对该地区开展了1∶50000水系沉积物地球化学测量,共采集836件样品,分析测试19种元素,通过相关性分析和因子分析将元素异常分成4类组合：F1（Cu-Cr-V-Ti）、F2（W-Mo-Bi）、F3（Au）、F4（Sn）。圈定综合异常17个,其中DJ5、DJ12、DJ10、DJ14、DJ6异常套合好、强度高、规模大、找矿潜力大。综合区内矿床地质特征及水系沉积物地球化学特征,圈定了岩浆热液型钨锡铋钼矿、铜铬镍钒钛矿及浅成低温热液型金矿3处找矿靶区,指明了下一步找矿方向,也为老挝南部地区开展此类工作积累了宝贵经验。     

建筑水灭火系统中的消防排水

阐述了水灭火系统中考虑消防排水问题的意义，介绍了消防排水的范围，针对不同的消防排水要求，提出了消防排水的技术措施，明确了建筑消防排水泵及消防排水集水池的设计方法，有利于水灭火系统设计的完善和可靠。     

Water surface contacting cover system--the basic study for improving the oxygen transfer coefficient and the BOD removal capacity

In order to construct an environmental aeration basin in a sewage treatment plant, the suggested novel aeration basin was examined for the oxygen transfer coefficient by using tap water on a lab-scale and pilot-scale. We called it water surface contacting cover system (WSCCS) that was installed with a cover plate on the wafer surface and a slant plate in aeration basin, compared to a standard aeration basin (SRAS, spiral roll aeration system). Finally, the novel basin could be compared by adopting the slant and cover plates into the actual sewage treatment plant (W x L x D (m)=5.0 x 2.65 x 4.25, treatment capacity: 600 m3/d). As a result, only by adding a slant plate, the oxygen transfer coefficient (K(L)a) increased approximately by 15% more than that with a SRAS basin. And the slope of slant plate was optimized at 10 degrees . Additionally, in the WSCCS, the increasing efficiency of the oxygen transfer coefficient, affected only by the cover, was proved at about 25% on the lab-scale aeration basin and about 20% on the pilot plant. After all, the increasing effect of the oxygen transfer coefficient on WSCCS that was installed with the water contacting cover and the slant plate on standard aeration basin was proved to be above 35%. The distance between the air diffuser and the slant plate was 20-30 cm in the pilot-scale plant. As an effective factor for increasing the oxygen transfer rate, the width/depth ratio of aeration basin was proved to be 2. Through the short-term results of actual sewage treatment plant, it was known that BOD removal efficiency could be improved by about 3% by adopting tile WSCCS not but SRAS.     

黄河悬河稳定性评价专家系统的研制

从区域稳定性研究入手，以地壳、堤坝与地基三系统控制论为理论基础，系统总结了悬河研究领域中的最新成果和结论。提出了工程治理与环境治理，环境治理与经济发展，地质工程治理与水利工程治理相结合的治理策略，并用先进的人工智能技术，研制出黄河悬河稳定性评价专家系统，为黄河下游悬河分析、评价与处理以及进一步研究提供有效手段     

燃气管河道沉管法施工技术

河道截流围堰施工作为一种常规的施工工艺得到广泛应用，但该工艺有一定的局限性，受限于某些特定的条件。河道沉管法通过在工程中的实施和运用，已成为一种比较成熟的施工工艺。介绍了河道沉管法施工原理和工艺，并与传统的河道围堰施工作了一定的比较。     

基于综合物探资料对博乐盆地温泉坳陷地层的研究

博乐盆地是天山构造带的山间盆地,在古地理环境上,处于残余洋盆南部边缘的浅海区,区域构造特征严格控制着有机质的堆积、保存和转化;温泉坳陷位于汗吉尕山与阿拉套推覆体形成的一个"对冲"构造格局下。博乐盆地温泉坳陷发育富有机质暗色泥页岩,具有良好的生烃条件。是最有利于油气生成的古地理区域。通过开展重力、磁法以及电磁勘探等综合物探工作,建立该区岩性、地层密度、磁化率、电阻率反演模型。结合已知资料,勾画出了典型的地质构造剖面,为建立博乐盆地晚古生界—中新生界沉积充填系列,研究研究页岩气富集规律,评价盆地页岩气资源潜力,进一步开展页岩气勘查提供地球物理和地质依据。     

邯郸市沁河退污还清工程

为治理因大量工业废水和生活污水直排而造成的沁河水质污染状况，邯郸市通过建设西污水处理工程、铺设雨污水分流和污水截流管线、修建截流井、工业废水实现达标排放、对河道进行清淤、修建景观拦河坝、实施调水补水等工程，使沁河实现了退污还清。     

苏州河水环境治理对捞刀河水环境治理的启示

结合实践,介绍了苏州河水环境治理情况,阐述了苏州河的基本状况,提出了苏州河具体整治措施,总结了苏州河整治所取得的效果,指出苏州河整治的经验对长沙市捞刀河的整治起到了一定的作用。     

Predicting faecal indicator fluxes using digital land use data in the UK's sentinel Water Framework Directive catchment: the Ribble study

The Ribble drainage basin is the single UK sentinel study area chosen for examining the implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD 20/60/EC). The study which has generated the data for this paper was initiated to quantify 'catchment-derived' fluxes of faecal indicators originating from both point and diffuse sources to inform the competent authorities on the potential for, and prioritization of, further options for reducing the faecal indicator loadings to this crucial coastal environment. It represents the first UK drainage basin-scale 'profile' of faecal indicator sources as recommended by WHO [1999. Health Based Monitoring of Recreational Waters: The Feasibility of a New Approach; the "Annapolis Protocol". World Health Organisation Geneva, Switzerland; 2003. Guidelines for Safe Recreational-Water Environments Volume 1: Coastal and Fresh-Waters. World Health Organisation Geneva, Switzerland] and incorporated into current drafts of the revised Bathing Water Directive [Anon, 2004. Council of the European Communities Amended proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the management of bathing water quality. Brussels 23rd June]. This paper focuses on the relationships between land use and faecal indicator organism concentrations in surface waters within this very large drainage basin (1583 km2) containing some extensive urban areas. A geographical information system comprising readily available digital elevation, remotely sensed land cover and digital map data was used to generate the land use variables for subcatchments draining to 41 locations across the study area. Presumptive concentrations of coliforms, Escherichia coli and enterococci (colony forming unit (cfu) 100 ml(-1)) were measured at each location on at least 20 occasions over a 44-day period within the 2002 bathing season. The sampling programme targeted hydrograph events. Hydrometric records were used to allocate results as either base flow or high flow. At each site, geometric mean faecal indicator organism concentrations were significantly elevated at high flow compared to base flow. Stepwise regression modelling produced statistically significant models predicting geometric mean base and high-flow faecal indicator organism concentrations from land use variables (r2: 49.5-68.1%). The dominant predictor variable in each case was the proportion of built-up land in subcatchments, suggesting that this land use type, with associated sewage-related inputs, is a critical source of faecal indicator organisms in this drainage basin.